I am today going to give you some basic knowledge on some basic rules of photography.

Framing:-  Framing is the tactic of using natural surroundings to add more meaning to your subject.  It could be anything such as bushes, trees, a window, or even a doorway like in the picture at the top of this page.  In the process of doing this you need to be careful that you don’t only focus on what’s framing your subject.  Make sure you focus on the main subject, and also it is a good idea to use a narrow aperture (high f/stop) to achieve a high depth-of-field.  It also wouldn’t hurt if the part of the picture framing the subject was darker so make sure you take your light reading on the main subject.

Knowing your equipment:- What's the use of buying expensive bulky when you don't know how to use them? Well knowing your equipment is another important aspect. Most of the armature shoot their pictures in auto mode instead of manual which does not allow them to control their picture.

Manual mode allow photographers to control shutter speeds and aperture without camera changing the other options.For example, you can photograph a beach landscape keeping the aperture high (for example f/22) so everything is in focus, yet at the same time set a slow shutter speed to create dreamy, slow motion waves. 

Manual mode gives you full control over your exposure. If you are finding a lot of your photographs are either underexposed (too dark) or overexposed (too light) then working in fully manual mode will help you to better understand and correct these exposure problems. Personally, I've found tweaking exposure results in photographs that are much more colorful than those taken in other modes. 

aperture:- Aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. Its most obvious feature is that it limits the amount of light that can reach the image. By changing the size of aperture the light as well as depth of field can be controlled. As show in figure as f decreases the amount of light reaching the sensor also decreases. 

Shutter speed:- Shutter speed is how long the sensor in your camera is exposed to light. Think of it as a blink. It’s measured in seconds and more commonly as a fraction of a second. Your DSLR has a whole range of shutter speeds but in photographic terms the important ones are:

1/4, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500.

By moving from 1/60 to 1/125 and thus reducing exposure time, you are halving the light entering the camera.

By moving from 1/30 to 1/15 and thus increasing exposure time, you are doubling the light entering the camera.

You'll also find speed settings longer than a quarter-second, increasing in increments up to 30 seconds of longer. There’s also a special B setting (for Bulb) where you can leave the shutter open for as long as the shutter is held down. It's great for taking pictures at night of light trails, fireworks and fairground rides.

The photo to the right is taken with a shutter speed of 1/2 sec.

Rule of third :- The Rule of Thirds has been used for centuries and is probably the most important of all the composition techniques.  The Rule of Thirds means that the frame can be divided into three horizontal sections and three vertical sections and therefore, where the horizontal and vertical lines intersect makes an ideal location for the more important parts of your picture.  By locating your main subject at one of the four intersections you give the subject more emphasis than if it was right smack in the middle of the picture.  This is also a good technique if you have more than one important subject, the intersections can still work even if there’s a subject on more than one.  The divisions can also be helpful in setting up a picture, they can for example, help you determine how much horizon you want.  Most famous photographs or paintings in the world today have the rule of thirds applied to them in some way.

Lighting:-  Using the light available is one of the important aspects of learning photography. If you master the light usage than you can master the photography.If proper amount of light is not available it will be difficult to capture a picture out of it. After all Photography is the art,science and practice of creating durable images by recording light. 

When proper amount of light is absent you can always use flash or artificial lightning to get your appropriate condition. Moreover you can use flash or other lightning during day time to create some exclusive images but using it can be quite tricky and requires practice.

Cropping:- Often a photo will lack impact because the main subject is so small it becomes lost among the clutter of its surroundings. By cropping tight around the subject you eliminate the background "noise", ensuring the subject gets the viewer's undivided attention.

 

Happy clicking :)